Part 4 focuses on operator theory, especially on a Hilbert space. Central topics are the spectral theorem, the theory of trace class and Fredholm determinants, and the study of unbounded self-adjoint operators. There is also an introduction to the theory of orthogonal polynomials and a long chapter on Banach algebras, including the commutative and non-commutative Gel'fand-Naimark theorems and Fourier analysis on general locally compact abelian groups.