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The Codex Hammurabi, written by the ancient Babylonian King Hammurabi, is a collection of laws and regulations that provide insight into the social structure and justice system of the Babylonian Empire. Written in cuneiform script on a stele, the Codex Hammurabi covers a wide range of legal matters, from property rights to marriage and divorce, demonstrating the sophistication of Babylonian society. Hammurabi's use of intricate legal language and detailed stipulations reflects the advanced legal system of his time. The book serves as a valuable historical and legal document, shedding light on the daily lives and values of ancient Mesopotamians. Hammurabi, a powerful ruler, was motivated to compile the Codex Hammurabi to establish justice and order in his kingdom. His desire to create a fair and comprehensive set of laws reflects his commitment to governance and social welfare. As one of the earliest examples of written law, Hammurabi's Codex remains a significant historical artifact. I recommend the Codex Hammurabi to readers interested in ancient civilizations, legal history, and the evolution of legal systems. This book provides a unique glimpse into the legal practices and societal norms of ancient Babylonia, offering valuable insights into the development of legal codes and governance.
作者简介
Hammurabi (c. 1810 BCE – c. 1750 BCE) was a Babylonian king, best known for promulgating the Code of Hammurabi, one of the oldest deciphered writings of significant length in the world. He ruled the Babylonian Empire from circa 1792 to 1750 BCE. The Codex Hammurabi is a cornerstone in the establishment of the concept of written laws and legal procedure. It comprises a comprehensive collection of laws, judgments, and legal principles that underscored his commitment to justice and order throughout his kingdom. Although Hammurabi himself was not the author in the modern sense, as authorship in ancient times encompassed a broader notion of authority and enactment, his role in commissioning and enforcing the Code was pivotal and endowed it with his name. The prologue of the Codex emphasizes his divine mandate to promote welfare and justice and to vanquish the wicked and the evildoers, thus echoing the philosophical and ethical undertones of his reign. The laws within the Codex cover a vast array of topics, such as family law, professional conduct, and property rights, evidencing the complexities of daily life and governance in ancient Mesopotamia. Hammurabi's influence extended beyond his lifespan; centuries after his reign, his legal edicts continued to shape the socio-legal framework of the region. The standing of Hammurabi as a lawmaker fuses the historical and the foundational, and the legacy of his Code has resonated deeply within the legal and historical scholarship of multiple disciplines. Its influence is recognized as crucial in the development of Western legal systems and remains a subject of study and reverence in the annals of legal history.
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