Mahmoud Dhaouadi has studied English, psychology, and sociology in Iraq, the U.S., and Canada, respectively. He has taught at universities in Canada, Algeria, Saudi Arabia, Tunisia, Malaysia, and Oman. Dhaouadi has published numerous books in English, Arabic, and French and has published more than 200 essays, articles, and book reviews in these languages. He is the creator of the Human Symbols (HS) theory. His research interests lie in Tunisian society, Arab-Islamic thought, Ibn Khaldun’s scholarship, the universe of cultural symbols, and crime and deviance.