ERNST G. FRANKEL is Emeritus Professor of Ocean Systems and Professor of Management at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA. His research interests are in large-scale project management and implementation. He has worked previously as a consultant to the World Bank, the Asia and Inter American Development Bank and to the Chinese, Nigerian and Singaporean Governments among others. He has been a project manager for infrastructure projects in areas such as logistics, education, power and transportation in 67 countries.