Financial Access Under the Microscope
ΠΎΠΊΡ. 2018β―Π³. Β· International Monetary Fund
ΠΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³Π°
55
ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ
reportΠΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ·ΡΠ²Ρ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ. ΠΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ±Π½Π΅Π΅β¦
ΠΠ± ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³Π΅
We examine the impact of a large-scale microcredit expansion program on financial access and the transition of previously unbanked borrowers to commercial banks. Using administrative micro-data covering the universe of loans to individuals from a developing country, we show that the program significantly increased access to credit, particularly in less developed areas. This effect is driven by the newly set-up credit cooperatives (U-SACCOs), which grant loans to previously unbanked individuals. A sizable share of first-time borrowers who need a second loan switch to commercial banks, which cream-skim low-risk borrowers and grant them larger, cheaper, and longer-term loans. These borrowers are not riskier than similar individuals already at commercial banks and only initially receive smaller loans. Our results suggest that the microfinance sector, together with a well-functioning credit reference bureau, help mitigate information frictions in credit markets.
ΠΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³Ρ
ΠΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡ Ρ Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈΠΌ ΠΌΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ.
ΠΠ΄Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³ΠΈ
Π‘ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΠ½Ρ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΡ
Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Google Play ΠΠ½ΠΈΠ³ΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ Android ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ iPad/iPhone. ΠΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Ρ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠΌ Π°ΠΊΠΊΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠΎΠΌ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ, ΠΈ Π²Ρ ΡΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ Π»ΡΠ±ΠΈΠΌΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½Π»Π°ΠΉΠ½ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ»Π°ΠΉΠ½ Π³Π΄Π΅ ΡΠ³ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ.
ΠΠΎΡΡΠ±ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ
Π‘Π»ΡΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠ΅ Π°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³ΠΈ ΠΈΠ· Google Play Π² Π²Π΅Π±-Π±ΡΠ°ΡΠ·Π΅ΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅.
Π£ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³
Π§ΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³Ρ Π½Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π΅ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Kobo, ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΉΠ» ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΡΡΠ΅ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π° ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΎ. ΠΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΉΡΠΈ Π² Π‘ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅.
