Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoyevsky (1821–1881), a giant of Russian literature, left an indelible mark through his exploration of psychology and philosophy in the turbulent social milieu of 19th-century Russia. Born in Moscow to a middle-class family, Dostoyevsky was introduced to literature at an early age. He was later sent to a military engineering school but soon turned his focus to writing. His literary debut, 'Poor Folk' (1846), was a critical success but his involvement in revolutionary activities led to his arrest and subsequent mock execution, followed by a harrowing period of imprisonment in Siberia. It is during his exile and penal servitude that Dostoyevsky penned 'The House of the Dead' (1862), a semi-autobiographical novel that offers a poignant account of life in a Siberian prison camp, casting a penetrating light on the human psyche under duress. The novel's raw emotional intensity and vivid portrayal of the human condition bear the hallmarks of what would become Dostoyevsky's signature style of psychologically-driven narrative, punctuated with existential depth. His subsequent works, including 'Crime and Punishment,' 'The Idiot,' 'Demons,' and 'The Brothers Karamazov,' all buttressed his reputation as a literary virtuoso capable of dissecting the most profound moral and spiritual dilemmas. Dostoyevsky's influence extends beyond literature into the realms of psychology, philosophy, and theology, making him a towering figure whose works continue to resonate with readers and scholars alike.