This report documents the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) special pilot study of group assessment. In 1994, NAEP administered U.S. History projects to a limited number of students. The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of group assessment, and to gain practical experience in the design, development, administration, and scoring of such instruments. The report first describes the development and conduct of the study. It then discusses practical lessons learned, and makes recommendations regarding the future assessment of groups. Appendices include the testing instruments, scoring guides, and examples of student work. (Author)