Omissions in Tort Law

Sandy Steel

2024년 9월 · Oxford University Press

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Tort law draws a fundamental distinction between doing harm and failing to prevent it. Generally, there is no positive duty upon private individuals to prevent harm. However, there are instances in which a failure to prevent harm—an omission—can have legal consequences. Omissions in Tort Law analyses the distinction drawn by tort law and argues that it is not best understood in terms of the distinction between acts and omissions, but in terms of making things worse versus not making things better. It considers when the law will and should impose duties to improve anothers position. It provides novel conceptual analyses of the basic concepts that inform the imposition of positive duties, such as creation of risk, interfering with aid, assuming responsibility, controlling a source of risk, and the normative considerations that underpin them. It considers the ways in which the law differentiates between actively causing harm and failing to protect from harm, and makes recommendations as to how the law could be improved. Exploring the ways in which conceptions of morality intersect with legal obligations, Omissions in Tort Law offers a detailed and nuanced perspective on omissions and positive duties.

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Sandy Steel is Professor of Law and Philosophy of Law at the University of Oxford, and Dr Lee Shau Kees Sir Man Kam Lo Fellow in Law at Wadham College, Oxford. He is also Visiting Professor of Law at the Notre Dame Law School (London). His work focuses on foundational issues in private law, including causation, omissions, the nature and role of fault, and the moral basis of remedial duties. His other books include Proof of Causation in Tort Law (CUP, 2015), and co-authored with Nick McBride, Great Debates in Jurisprudence (2nd edn, Palgrave, 2018).