Dr. John C. Lilly (1915-2001) was a pioneering scientist in the fields of consciousness, mind-altering drugs such as LSD and ketamine, and animal intelligence. He was also a noted physician and psychoanalyst and worked extensively in various fields of science, including biophysics, neurophysiology, electronics, and neuroanatomy. He conducted studies on solitude, isolation and confinement and spent twelve years researching dolphin-human relationships. He was associated with the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), and the Esalen Institute in California. He taught forâor was affiliated withâCalTech, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, was Associate Professor at the University of Pennsylvania, and worked in psychoanalysis at the Institute of the Philadelphia Association for Psychoanalysis and Washington-Baltimore Psychoanalytic Institute and at NIMH. He founded and directed the Communications Research Institute. In 1954, he invented the Isolation Tank Method.
He was author of the bestselling books Center of the Cyclone and The Deep Self, among others. His work on dolphin intelligence was the subject of a 1973 film, The Day of the Dolphin, starring George C. Scott. His work in developing and experimenting with isolation tanks was the subject of the 1980 film Altered States (directed by Ken Russel, starring William Hurt). For the past 20 years, Lilly lived in Maui, Hawaii. Prior to that, he resided in Malibu, California. He was born in Minneapolis, MN. Dr. Lilly died in September 2001.
Lilly's life and work at the forefronts of human knowledge encompass the major themes of the twentieth century. His books have sold millions of copies worldwide. A distinguished brain researcher even before he became a public figure, Lilly has sown the seeds of several scientific revolutions, including the theory of internal realities, the hardware/software model of the human brain/ mind, and the initiation of worldwide efforts at interspecies communications with large-brained dolphins.
Devoted to a philosophical quest for the nature of reality, Lilly pursued a brilliant academic career among the scientific leaders of the day. He has lived in the company of associates and intimates including Nobel physicists Richard Feynman and Robert Milliken, philosophers Buckminster Fuller, Aldous Huxley, and Alan Watts, psychotherapy pioneers R.D. Laing and Fritz Perls, spiritual teachers Oscar Ichazo and Baba Ram Dass, and a host of luminaries, inventors, writers, and Hollywood celebrities.