The Rise of Silas Lapham

William Dean Howells

2022년 11월 · DigiCat

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In "The Rise of Silas Lapham," William Dean Howells masterfully explores the theme of social ascendance and the dichotomy between wealth and ethics in post-Civil War America. This novel, characterized by Howells' realist style, employs naturalistic dialogue and intricate character development to delve into the moral dilemmas faced by its titular character, Silas Lapham, a self-made businessman navigating the complexities of society and class. Set against the backdrop of burgeoning industrial capitalism, Howells critiques the materialism of contemporary society while examining the protagonist's struggles with ambition, integrity, and familial bonds. William Dean Howells, often hailed as the "Father of American Realism," drew from his own experiences growing up in a modest environment to write this poignant narrative. A journalist and literary critic, Howells was deeply invested in portraying the life of ordinary Americans with authenticity and empathy. His beliefs in progressive social change are reflected in Lapham's journey from a rustic fortune to societal status, ultimately questioning whether wealth can truly refine character and morality. "The Rise of Silas Lapham" is a compelling read that will resonate with anyone interested in the intersections of wealth, social standing, and personal values. Howells' insightful observations and engaging prose make this novel a timeless exploration of the American Dream's complexities, making it essential for both scholars and casual readers alike.

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William Dean Howells (1837–1920) stands out as one of the foremost figures in American literature during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Born on March 1, 1837, in Martinsville, now known as Martins Ferry, Ohio, Howells became a man of letters who wore many hats – as a novelist, literary critic, playwright, and editor. As a proponent of Realism, he championed the portrayal of ordinary life devoid of romantic idealization or dramatic elements, which was quite revolutionary at the time and influenced the path of American writing (Goodman, 1999). His seminal work, 'The Rise of Silas Lapham' (1885), exemplifies this style, detailing the moral and ethical dilemmas faced by its eponymous protagonist amidst the backdrop of the Gilded Age. Notably, the book provides a nuanced view of the American Dream through its depiction of social class and business ethics (Crowley, 2001). Howells served as the editor of the Atlantic Monthly and was in regular correspondence with other literary giants of his time such as Mark Twain and Henry James, helping to shape the discourse of American literary naturalism. The body of his work extends over a hundred volumes, including fiction, plays, and essays. Howells was not only an influential writer but also a critic who championed the work of other realists, and in doing so, profoundly shaped the standards by which literature was judged in his era (Kaplan, 1989).