Tishkov argues that ethnicity has a multifaceted role: it is the most accessible basis for political mobilization; a means of controlling power and resources in a transforming society; and therapy for the great trauma suffered by individuals and groups under previous regimes. This complexity helps explain the contradictory nature and outcomes of public ethnic policies based on a doctrine of ethno-nationalism.
Valery Tishkov is Professor of History and Anthropology, Director of the Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy of Sciences, and Senior Research Consultant at the International Peace Research Institute, Oslo (PRIO).