The narrative primarily revolves around the lives of the boys at Plumfield, their adventures, friendships, and challenges as they grow up under Jo and Friedrich's care. The characters deal with various moral dilemmas, learning important life lessons along the way.
Through "Little Men," Alcott continues to explore themes of family, friendship, education, and moral development. The novel presents a heartwarming and often humorous portrayal of childhood and adolescence, capturing the essence of growing up and finding one's place in the world.