Sam Hickey is Professor of Politics and Development at the Global Development Institute, University of Manchester. As Research Director of the Effective States and Inclusive Development (ESID) research centre (2011-2020), he worked with many colleagues on the links between politics and development, with particular reference to state capacity, natural resource governance, social protection, education, and gender equity. ESID's multiple open access books and papers on these topics are available at www.effective-states.org. He is currently Deputy CEO for the African Cities Research Consortium at the University of Manchester and President of the Development Studies Association.