Mary Jane Holmes (1825-1907) was an American author and one of the most popular and prolific writers of the 19th century. She was born in Brookfield, Massachusetts, and was the youngest of five children. Holmes began her writing career in the 1850s, when she began publishing stories and articles in magazines and newspapers. Her first novel, "Tempest and Sunshine," was published in 1854 and was an immediate success. She went on to publish dozens of novels over the course of her career, including "Lena Rivers," "The English Orphans," and "Darkness and Daylight." Holmes was known for her sentimental and melodramatic style, which was popular with readers in the 19th century. Her novels typically featured heroines who faced difficult circumstances and overcame obstacles to find happiness and love. Many of her books were set in rural or small-town America and focused on themes of family, community, and morality. Although her work was often dismissed by critics as overly sentimental and formulaic, Holmes was immensely popular with readers, and her novels sold millions of copies in the United States and abroad. She was one of the most successful authors of her time, and her work helped to pave the way for other popular writers of the late 19th and early 20th centuries.